The estimated completion time is forty-five minutes.
Objectives
At the end of this study session, you should be able to:
At the end of this study session, you should be able to:
- Describe the causes and implications of ice dams and multiple layers.
- Explain the inspection strategies used to identify these conditions.
Question 1
Give two ways that you may be able to distinguish ice damming from roof leakage.Selected Answer: 1. If the area is wet after a rain or when there has been no snow on the roof for some time, it is leakage.2. If the problem only occurs when there is snow on the roof and icicles hanging from the gutter, it is ice dammingCorrect Answer: 
If moisture occurs after a rain or when there has been no snow on the roof, it is a leak. If moisture occurs only when there is snow on the roof and icicles hanging on the gutters, it is ice damming.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 2
List the clues that a house may have had or may be prone to ice damming. These clues may be evident in the summer as well.Selected Answer: 1. Evidence of damage along the wall/ceiling intersection on the interior.2. Discoloration of siding starting at the soffit and running down the wall.3. Damage to shingles from axes, hatchets, shovels and etc along the lower edge of the roof.4. Electric cables running along the lower part of the roof in a zigzag pattern.5. Roofs with poor insulation and ventilation.Correct Answer: a) Evidence of damage at the wall/ceiling intersection b) Stained sidings starting at the soffits c) Shingle damage along the lower edge of the roof d) Zigzag electric heating cables along the lower edge of the roof e) Poor insulation and ventilation f) Leakage through the tops of windows g) Staining in the attic around the perimeter h) Wet or damaged insulation around the perimeter of the attic i) Plastic sheets in the attic j) Roofs with low slopes and wide overhangsResponse Feedback: [None Given] Question 3
List three of the five materials that are typically used for eaves protection?Selected Answer: 1. Modified bitumen2. Polyethylene3. Roofing felts4. Roll roofing5. Metal sheetCorrect Answer: a) Modified bitumen b) Polyethylene c) Roofing felts d) Roll roofing e) Sheet metalResponse Feedback: [None Given] Question 4
Of three ways to minimize ice damming, which is the best of the three options?Selected Answer: The best method is upgrading insulation and ventilation.Correct Answer: Upgrade insulation and ventilation, add eaves protection or add electric heating cables.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 5
What are the drawbacks to adding a second layer of roofing over a first?Selected Answer: 1. Increase dead load2. Nails could be too short to penetrate the roof sheathing3. Old flashings are not replaced. These critical components then become the weak link in the new roof4. Prevents inspection of sheathing5. Inhibit the ability of the roof covering materials to dry after a rainCorrect Answer: a) The dead load is increased b) Nails may not be long enough to penetrate the roof sheathing c) Old flashings may not be replaced d) The roof sheathing cannot be properly inspected e) Roofing materials may not dry properlyResponse Feedback: [None Given] Question 6
What are three possible actions to minimize ice damming?Selected Answer: 1. Seal attic floor to reduce leakage of warm, moist air from house into attic2. Ungrading insulation and ventilation3. Adding eave protection4. Adding electric heating cablesCorrect Answer: Upgrade insulation and ventilation, add eaves protection or add electric heating cables.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 7
What areas of the roof are most prone to ice dams?Selected Answer: Large eave overhangs (wide soffits) are more prone to ice dams.Correct Answer: a) North slopes b) Bottom of valleys c) Low sloped roofs d) Roofs which change slope near the eaves e) Roofs with wide soffits f) Roofs over porches or balconiesResponse Feedback: [None Given] Question 8
What causes an ice dam?Selected Answer: The ice dam is caused by heat escaping from the house, and melting the snow on the upper parts of the roof.Correct Answer: Ice dams are caused by heat escaping from the house and melting the snow on the upper parts of the roof. This melted snow freezes when it gets down to the colder eaves area where there is no heat loss from the house.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 9
What is an ice dam?Selected Answer: Melted snow re-freezes when it gets down to the colder eave area where there is no heat loss from the house.Correct Answer: An ice dam is a buildup of ice at the bottom of a roof slope.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 10
What is eaves protection?Selected Answer: Eave protection is a waterproof membrance laid along the lower edge of the roof or anywhere ice dams may cause water to back up under the shingles.Correct Answer: Eaves protection is a waterproof membrane, typically laid along the lower edge of the roof or anywhere ice dams may cause water to back up under the shingles.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 11
What is the function of an avalanche guard?Selected Answer: Prevent large quantities of snow from falling off the roof at one time.Correct Answer: Avalanche guards are metal spikes or rails installed on the lower sections of roofs that prevent large chunks of snow or ice from falling off the roof in one pieceResponse Feedback: [None Given] Question 12
Where can you look on a roof to determine the number of layers?Selected Answer: Flashing details. Flashing problems are common when there are multiple layers of roofing.Correct Answer: Look at the gable ends and lower edges of the roof, at flashings or check the nail pattern protruding through the sheathing from the underside.Response Feedback: [None Given] Question 13
Which of the following roofs are most prone to ice dams?Selected Answer: A low slope roof with a wide soffitAnswers:
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